Tuesday, September 17, 2024

Fixing American health care: Kissing the frog

Why is it that our nation has world class tertiary care and spends trillions of dollars on health care, more than any other industrialized nation, but is failing in patient outcomes, cost to the patient, and most recently, a decline in average lifespan. How do we turn this “frog” into a princess, thus offering our nation the care it deserves.

This article will focus on key points that, in this author’s opinion, may pay huge dividends. Topics will include access to care, education, availability of healthy food, and a culture of dependency.


Access to care


Emergency Departments and Urgent Care facilities are overrun with exceptional waiting times and many patients simply leave prior to receiving they care they need. Why is this? One issue is the lack of primary care. Primary care is the cornerstone of health.While not as lucrative a specialty as most others, it remains the backbone of creating and maintaining health. How do we encourage more prospective providers to pursue this avenue. One way is to look to another reimbursement type schedule. The RVU system of payment is often a disincentive to providing good care. This, along with the many administrative burdens, leads to a global burnout of these providers.

An interesting concept is re-inventing the house call. There are a number of our allies in other countries that utilize this system. In the U.S. less than 30% of providers make home visits, and I suspect its even less than that, while more than 67% in a comparison of nine other nations do so. Encouraging home visits would of course require a revamping of the current payment model but would go a long way in terms of accessibility.

Another tool that is underutilized is telehealth. Especially regarding Medicare and Medicaid recipients. While many of these individuals may lack the tech skills needed for our current telehealth models, a simple laptop with one function provided with in-home instruction would suffice.


Education


In spite of our many institutions of higher learning, our population remains “health illiterate”. Health education needs to start even at the preschool level. Healthy foods, diabetes, heart disease, cancer prevention, and dental health, along with reproductive health. This is vital. I am always amazed at the utter lack of education individuals have about their own bodies. Education needs to be ongoing and repetitive. Incentives should be built into the system such as rebates and cost cutting for attending learning sessions and preventative visits.


Availability of healthy foods


Fast food and the snack food industry is huge, as is the advertising that goes along with it. And it is poisoning America. These are often cheap alternatives, while healthy foods such as fresh fruit and vegetables and protein sources seem to be pricier. There is simply no need for this. In consideration of the vast amount of food that is wasted on a daily basis, we need a system of redistribution, cutting waste and making healthy choices available.

There are a great number of “food deserts” in our nation, most of which are in communities of color. In such areas there is an almost 400% increased likelihood of having no supermarket within a reasonable distance compared to other communities. In such areas there is 7x the risk of stroke at an early age, 2x the risk of diabetes and heart disease, and 4x the risk of kidney failure

This is also an area where education for these and for all communities, contributes tremendously. Not only providing guidance about what and how to eat, but even going as far as to educate on home gardening. Such a plan might even spur a sense of entrepreneurism in underserved areas where these food deserts exist. I would envision people growing their own food, even collectively and supplying this produce to the community they live in, sparing transportation cost and ultimately sourcing these goods at lower prices.


Culture of dependency


Our nation was founded with a sense of fierce individualism, a do-it-yourself mentality. Unfortunately, this has morphed into a culture of dependency. We look for local, state, and federal governments to solve our problems. Health care is a team sport. Everybody has a stake in the game. Nothing is free and everyone needs to contribute in some way. Whether it be to pay a small copay, even $5 to $10 dollars, or contribute in other ways. Working as a team in such a way, coupled with improving health care education can result in less burden on the system, reduced cost, and improved health overall. Gone is the “WND” diagnosis, (otherwise know as work note deficiency), and other diagnoses that unnecessarily place strain on the system or, if not gone, one would hope, substantially reduced.

In our current model, we rely so heavily on others. Why does one provider need the help of 3-4 other individuals. Simply due to the stresses placed on us by administration, insurers, health care systems, and pure mindless tasks that are not allowing us to work at the highest level of our education. And in terms of health care cost, this has a tremendous impact. An article in Athenahealth in 2017 chronicles the meteoric rise in cost of care, coupling it with the rise of the administrator. From 1975-2010 there has been over a 3000% increase in the number of administrators! This is in comparison to only a small rise in the number of physicians.


Conclusion


So, how do we tie all of this together, and how do we pay for it? This is a rather simplistic view, however I feel that it has true merit. We simply cannot continue at our present rate. A rate of increasing cost with diminishing returns. The suggestions I’ve made are but a starting point. A beginning that I feel will improve the health of our nation and ultimately reduce cost. With these initiatives, we can decrease late stage disease, the over burden of the entire system, especially the emergency department and urgent cares, and inevitably better the health and welfare of our nation. It is time that we kiss this failing frog of health care and try diligently to turn it into the prince and princess of health.

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Monday, September 16, 2024

Value-based payment contracts come with dozens of quality measures

Physicians working with value-based payment models are being graded on an average of 57 different quality measures a year, according to a new study.

The quality measures were included in commercial and government insurance plans, with Medicare leading the number, with 15.04 quality measures per contract in 2022, according to “Value-Based Contracting in Clinical Care,” a research letter published this month in JAMA Health Forum.

Are the quality measures a burden on doctors?

“Value-based contracting is intended to incentivize care improvement, but it is unlikely a clinician or practice can reasonably optimize against 50 or more measures at a time,” the study said. “Increased use of such levers may also carry unintended consequences. Clarity and salience are crucial to changing behavior, and the burden of extraneous information and processes has been increasingly associated with adverse outcomes, such as physician burnout.”


The results


Researchers examined value-based contracts of 890 primary care physicians (PCPs) working with a mean of approximately 1,308 patients from 2020 to 2022. They found the number of value-based contracts increased per physician:
  • 9.39 contracts with 54.78 unique quality measures in 2020
  • 11.89 contracts with 64.08 unique quality measures in 2021
  • 12.26 contracts with 52.37 unique quality measures in 2022

Medicaid had the fewest measures per contract, with a mean of 5.37 for the three-year period. Commercial insurance payment contracts had a mean of 10.07 for 2020, 2021 and 2022; and Medicare had a mean of 13.42 over the three years. The 2022 mean of 15.04 was the highest among the findings for measures per contract.


Measures hurting quality?


The researchers noted the data came from an integrated health system and may not generalize to other settings.

Even so, a Commonwealth Fund issue brief from July examined why most primary care physicians do not participate in value-based payment models. A key reason: “imperfect performance measures.”

“PCPs worry that current quality measures used in VBP models impede their ability to deliver high-quality care,” the study said.

Apart from the numbers of quality measures, in the Commonwealth Fund investigation, PCPs said coding for Hierarchical Condition Category risk scores in electronic health records took attention away from patients. They also argued documentation requirements are not aligned across models and payers, and the measures unfairly penalize them for outcomes beyond their control, according to “Why Primary Care Practitioners Aren’t Joining Value-Based Payment Models: Reasons and Potential Solutions,” published by The Commonwealth Fund.

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Friday, September 13, 2024

Beating mid-career blahs

We all have times when we wonder, “Did I choose the right profession? Should I recommend a medical career for my children? Is it time to retire?” These questions creep into the minds of mid-career physicians. We often ask ourselves how we should address the mid-career blahs. What can we do to improve our professional satisfaction? How can we combat the dullness and tedium of our workday lives? And how can we determine if it’s time to make a career change? This blog intends to help mid-career physicians answer these important questions and provide suggestions to erase those mid-career blahs.


What the experts say


Mid-career malaise impacts most physicians. This discontent is common in middle age. Physicians who have achieved acclaim and success aren’t immune to these feelings. Whenever I go to the doctors’ dining room or the surgical lounge, I constantly hear examples of career malaise, especially from mid-career and older physicians. Many physicians are stuck in a job or career they once loved, but today, their heart isn’t in it anymore.

In an ideal world, our work lives would be completely fulfilling, meaningful, and intrinsically motivating. But what if you’re stuck in a job or career you once enjoyed, but your heart isn’t in it anymore? Too many of us wallow in our comfort zones and take a grin-and-bear-it attitude that only magnifies the blahs.

Many physicians fit this profile. According to a Gallup survey, only one-third of U.S. physicians feel engaged at work, and only one in three consistently bring a high level of initiative, commitment, passion, and productivity to their jobs. That leaves most physicians less than satisfied with their work.


Identify the cause of discontent


Start by identifying the cause of your discontent.

According to a survey by Becker Hospital Review the challenges physicians often ranked as significant are:
  1. Administrative work — 66% (such as obtaining prior authorization)
  2. Reimbursement issues — 57%
  3. Staffing shortages — 56%
  4. Staff turnover — 50%
  5. Electronic health record reporting — 50%
  6. Billing and coding requirements — 49%
  7. Malpractice premiums — 40%
  8. Competition from nonphysician practitioners — 33%
  9. Collecting payment from self-pay patients — 29%

It is important to decide if the problem is the practice or you don’t enjoy being an employed physician. At mid-career, you must consider your spouse’s career, your children’s educational needs, and the geographic location where you live and work.


Start with small changes


See if you can find small changes to bring more joy and satisfaction in your practice. Maybe you can’t change practices, but you could make micro-adjustments to make the situation more tolerable. For example, if you are a middle-aged physician and entering data in the EMR is daunting, consider asking for a scribe to do the data entry so you can concentrate and focus on the patient. If you have morning obligations that make it difficult to start your clinic at 9:00, try to negotiate different work arrangements or schedules. Adjusting your routine can have a positive impact on your outlook and perspective. The key is being flexible in what you choose, whom you choose to do it with, and where you choose to do it.

If you find that working 60+ hours a week and taking calls impact your work-life balance, consider cutting back your hours and opting out of calls. Of course, this will require an adjustment in your salary.


Focus on learning


One of the most significant issues of middle-aged physicians is boredom. Perhaps you miss that dopamine rush that comes with repeatedly doing tasks and procedures. For example, I enjoyed treating erectile dysfunction using an inflatable penile implant. After conducting more than 3000 of these procedures, I became bored with the operation. I shifted my focus to female sexual dysfunction, a condition in its infancy where I was able to learn the management of these patients and was able to market my interest and knowledge on my website, writing articles for local publications and making multiple TV appearances to discuss the topic with the public. If you can do something interesting, this will lessen the boredom and will allow you to learn and grow.


Making a career change


Our medical practice would be completely fulfilling, meaningful, and intrinsically motivating in a perfect world. If you’re stuck in a practice you once loved, but your heart isn’t in it anymore, then maybe it is time to consider a career change and even make a dramatic move. When experiencing one or more signs of burnout, that may be the time to make a change. If you stay disconnected at work, you can anticipate that the quality of your work will decline, your patient satisfaction scores will plummet, and your online reviews will drop. While many doctors say it’s the income that keeps them in an unfulfilled job, quite often, the loss of autonomy and loss of control that is the motivation for changing careers. Changing careers in midlife and leaving your comfort zone is intimidating, but making a change can be challenging, exciting, and even rewarding. After just a few months in a new career, many doctors who change careers state, “I should have done this sooner!”


Ignite your passion outside of work


It might be a hobby you haven’t had time for or a side hustle where you can experiment with innovative or entrepreneurial ideas you have put on the back burner. Having an outlet outside of clinical practice can counterbalance the monotony of clinical medicine. These new endeavors can have positive spillover effects, providing energy and inspiration to overcome the blahs.

For example, my hobby is magic, and I have taken lessons from a local magic teacher. I started doing shows at local schools using magic to teach about the dangers of drug and alcohol abuse. This offers me almost as much gratification as providing care for patients.

Bottom Line: Having blahs at mid-career is common and contributes to burnout. There are options available to all of us. There is no perfect time to make adjustments in your career. But think, if not now, when?”

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